I- His childhood and his teens
MLK was born on the 5th of january in 1929 in Atlanta in Gerogia. His mother, Alberta Williams was a teacher before her marriage. She was the Adam Daniel William's daughter. Her father was a pastor during seventeen years of the church Baptist and he was a racial pioneer of resistance to discriminations: member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. He fought to get a secondary college for blacks and boycotted a racist newspaper.
In the United States, between 1930 and 1970, blacks didn't have their place in the society. Whites supported racial hatred, by showing discriminations ( insults, violences ), it's the racial segregation.
Mlk senior, his father, was also a pastor while succeding Adam Williams in 1931. MLK lived in a good middle class. He lived a peaceful childhood, while being very brawler and very emotional person. MLK didn't know misery or famine. During his teens, he undertook shining studies. In 1944, he entered in Morehouse College of Atlanta thinking to becomea doctor or a lawyer. In spite of his father and his grandfather, MLK didn't become pastor. Nevertheless, the education of some his professors who were pastors proved him that a religious career could be intellectual satisfactory. He ordered in his father's parish, in Atlanta in 1947 and he named assistant. Always student in Morehouse, MLK had a very dense activity whithin association (NAACP). Because, if he profited a material safty, he knew the moral insecurity which struck all blacks and like his father, he to make progress the situation of his brother of skin, they can be integrated into the society. He left in Morehouse in 1948 with a lincence of letter. In 1951, he obtained a licence of teology and decids to carry out research at the university of Boston, while he continued to follow studies of philosophy to the university of Harvard.
II - The meeting with his wife.
In 1952, MLK met Coretta Scott, a pedagogue of formation and a singer. They married on the 8th of the June in 1953, and in 1954, they moved to Montgomery in Alabama, city inhabited by fifty thousand blacks and eighty thousand whites. He was pastor in one of the blacks' churches which counted many easy and intellectual families.
III - Actions against the segregation of blacks.
It 's on the first of December in 1955, the actions against the segregation of blacks really began. This day there, Rosa Parks, a fifty years black dressmaker sat in a bus and white men went up. No seat in the bus, they asked a group of blacks to give up their place. Rosa Parks didn't want to rise, and the group of white attacked the woman. Always refusing to rise, the police force intervened and thanks to a witness who paid the guarantee, Rosa Parks didn't go in prison. MLK, informed and scandalized by that, agreed to make a boycott suggested by a trade unionist. The boycott consisted in not taking any bus on the 5th monday on December, which caused disorders of circulation since the taxis were full, the bicycles and the pedestrians emcumbered the city. On January 1957, the blacks leadres of the ten states of the south met themselves to form the organization Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and MLK was the president. At the beginning, this organization decided, to turn its attention on the discrimination practiced in transport elswhere than Montgomery. During this year, MLK coverded tens of thousand of kilometers and he pronounced two hundred and eight speeches, one called it " New Gandhi". Thanks to two associations multiplied: sit-in, gathering, steps. The walk which remains most known is that on the 28th of August in 1963 in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington where he prononced in his speech: "I have a dream". Arrested, insulted, threatened of death, his dynamited house, MLK didn't stop to glorify no violence. His fight for the civic and social rights for the blacks earned him the Nobel Prize of peace in 1964 whereas he was only thirty six years old. This reward correctly translates the importance of the commitment of this charismatic man in favour of the human right and peace.
IV - The death of MLK.
In 1968, in Memphis in the Tennesse, MLk assassinated, whereas he came to support a strike of the street sweepers of the city. The investigation carried out in a fast way, his murderer was stop quickly, condemned to the prison with perpetuity.
MLK was the level which raised the black community and put in the street for the right fight.
He showed that no active violence could win.
Alors vous en pensez quoi ???
Oral passé avec un stress super impressionnant mais je m'en suis bien tirée puisque j'ai eu 17 sur 20 à l'oral !!!
Merci à la super prof qu'on a parce que je me serai même pas mis la moyenne !!!
